{"id":8265,"date":"2023-12-03T15:40:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-03T12:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/?p=8265"},"modified":"2024-01-04T08:02:41","modified_gmt":"2024-01-04T05:02:41","slug":"kubernetes-nedir-konteyner-yonetimi-nasil-avantajlar-saglar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/kubernetes-nedir-konteyner-yonetimi-nasil-avantajlar-saglar\/","title":{"rendered":"Kubernetes Nedir? Konteyner Y\u00f6netimi Nas\u0131l Avantajlar Sa\u011flar?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kubernetes, bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm k\u00fcmesi boyunca konteynerli uygulamalar\u0131 y\u00f6netmek ve d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir sistemdir. Google taraf\u0131ndan kapsay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekte y\u00f6netmek ve planlamak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kubernetes \u015firket i\u00e7inde veya bulutta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir, bu da onu BT altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 modernle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in pop\u00fcler bir se\u00e7im haline getirir. Google ve Shopify dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firket, konteynerli uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in Kubernetes’i kullan\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genellikle k8s olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan Kubernetes, geleneksel sanal makinelere g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek derecede otomasyon ve g\u00fcvenilirlik sa\u011flayarak bir\u00e7ok ana bilgisayarda b\u00fcy\u00fck kapsay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6netmenize olanak tan\u0131r. Kubernetes, geleneksel uygulama da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m modellerine g\u00f6re daha fazla esneklik ve \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilirlik, daha iyi kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve geli\u015fmi\u015f hata tolerans\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok avantaj sa\u011flar.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes Nedir? <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes, uygulamalar\u0131 geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekte y\u00f6netmeye ve da\u011f\u0131tmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan bir konteyner d\u00fczenleme platformudur. Sistem, ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc y\u00f6netimini basitle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve geli\u015ftiricilerin altyap\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131 yerine uygulama kodlar\u0131na odaklanmalar\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r. Kendi kendini iyile\u015ftirme, otomatik \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirme ve y\u00fck dengeleme gibi \u00f6zellikler sunmas\u0131, onu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar i\u00e7in ideal bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm haline getirmektedir. Kubernetes ayr\u0131ca kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n gerekti\u011finde yeni i\u015flevler eklemesine olanak tan\u0131yan son derece geni\u015fletilebilir bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Ayr\u0131ca, Kubernetes a\u00e7\u0131k kaynak kodludur ve geni\u015f bir geli\u015ftirici toplulu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan desteklenmektedir, bu da onu \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc ve yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir platform haline getirmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes’in \u00d6zellikleri\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki listede Kubernetes\u2019in baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerini bulabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Konteyner olu\u015fturma ve yok etme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes kullanman\u0131n bir\u00e7ok avantaj\u0131ndan biri, YAML yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131na dayal\u0131 olarak kaynaklar\u0131 otomatik olarak olu\u015fturmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, y\u00f6neticileri pod gibi kaynaklar\u0131 manuel olarak olu\u015fturmak zorunda b\u0131rakmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zaman tasarrufu sa\u011flayabilir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca t\u00fcm kaynak olu\u015fturma i\u015flemleri Kubernetes’in kendisi taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi i\u00e7in insan hatas\u0131 riskini de azalt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu \u00f6zellik, tek gereken ge\u00e7erli bir YAML yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kaynaklar\u0131 birden fazla sunucu aras\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011faltmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak Kubernetes, sunucu da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netme s\u00fcrecini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde basitle\u015ftirebilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Otomatik \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir altyap\u0131 <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131 y\u00f6netirken, otomatik \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilirlik Kubernetes’in \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. Kubernetes, CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131, bellek kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve a\u011f trafi\u011fi gibi fakt\u00f6rlere g\u00f6re otomatik olarak \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirme yaparak uygulamalar\u0131n sorunsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in gereken kaynaklar\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu sadece manuel m\u00fcdahale ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda uygulamalar\u0131n trafikteki ani art\u0131\u015flarla sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kabilmesini sa\u011flamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, otomatik \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilirlik herhangi bir Kubernetes da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015fenidir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Yatay \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Yatay \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirme, Kubernetes’in kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u00fcmedeki d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmas\u0131na veya azaltmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yan bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. Bu, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mdan replikalar eklenerek veya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak yap\u0131l\u0131r. Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m denetleyicisi, replika say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n istenen say\u0131yla e\u015fle\u015fmesini sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Y\u00fck dengeleyiciler <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00fck dengeleyici, Kubernetes’in i\u015f y\u00fcklerini bir k\u00fcmedeki birden fazla d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcme da\u011f\u0131tan bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. Bu, tek bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklenmemesini ve i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn e\u015fit olarak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bir y\u00fck dengeleyici kullanarak Kubernetes k\u00fcmenizin performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilir ve ar\u0131za s\u00fcresi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltabilirsiniz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Canl\u0131l\u0131k ve haz\u0131r olma<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Canl\u0131l\u0131k ve haz\u0131r olma problar\u0131, Kubernetes’in uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan iki \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. Canl\u0131l\u0131k problar\u0131, bir uygulaman\u0131n hala canl\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek ve de\u011filse yeniden ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Haz\u0131rl\u0131k problar\u0131 ise bir uygulaman\u0131n trafik almaya haz\u0131r olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hem canl\u0131l\u0131k hem de haz\u0131r olma problar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli sistem durumu kontrol y\u00f6ntemleri kullanacak \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilir. Ayr\u0131ca, her iki prob t\u00fcr\u00fc de d\u00fczenli aral\u0131klarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak ve bir uygulama sa\u011fl\u0131k kontrol\u00fcnden ge\u00e7emezse uyar\u0131 verecek \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes ayr\u0131ca ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131 otomatik olarak geri alabilir ve uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n asla karars\u0131z bir durumda kalmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirli\u011fi y\u00fcksek altyap\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes son derece \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir bir altyap\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu, verilerinizin tam olarak nerede depoland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunlara nas\u0131l eri\u015fildi\u011fini her zaman bilebilece\u011finiz anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu, altyap\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 y\u00f6netmeyi ve verilerinizi g\u00fcvende tutmay\u0131 \u00e7ok daha kolay hale getirir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca, bu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik yedekleme ve felaket kurtarma gibi g\u00f6revleri otomatikle\u015ftirmeyi de kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak Kubernetes, altyap\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in gereken zaman ve \u00e7aba miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Uygulamalar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ba\u011flar ve depolama sistemi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes ayr\u0131ca uygulamalar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek bir ba\u011flama ve depolama sistemi de sunar. Bu sistem, uygulamalar\u0131n verileri yerel makineye kopyalamak zorunda kalmadan uzak bir sunucuda depolanan verilere eri\u015fmeleri i\u00e7in bir yol sa\u011flamak \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u011flama ve depolama sistemi, bir uygulaman\u0131n veri taban\u0131 gibi payla\u015f\u0131lan bir konuma veri okumas\u0131 ve yazmas\u0131 gereken durumlar i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u011flama ve depolama sistemini kullanarak, geli\u015ftiriciler kendi depolama altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturma ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme ihtiyac\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nabilirler. Bunun yerine, \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir ve g\u00fcvenilir bir depolama \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc sa\u011flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in Kubernetes’e g\u00fcvenebilirler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. Verimli kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Verimli kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131 Kubernetes’in \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. Kubernetes, ak\u0131ll\u0131 zamanlama kullanarak podlar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca onlar\u0131 destekleyecek kaynaklara sahip d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir. Bu, kaynaklar\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca verimli kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve hi\u00e7bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklenmemesini sa\u011flar.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca Kubernetes, talepteki de\u011fi\u015fikliklere yan\u0131t olarak podlar\u0131 dinamik olarak yukar\u0131 veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirebilir. Bu, podlar\u0131n her zaman optimum d\u00fczeyde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ve kaynaklar\u0131n bo\u015fa harcanmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Kubernetes kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde verimlilik sa\u011flar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. G\u00fcvenlik, a\u011f ve a\u011f bile\u015fenlerinin otomatik y\u00f6netimi <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes, g\u00fcvenlik, a\u011f ve a\u011f bile\u015fenlerinin y\u00f6netimini otomatikle\u015ftiren bir konteyner orkestrasyon sistemidir. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n konteynerli uygulamalar\u0131 k\u00fcmelenmi\u015f bir ortamda da\u011f\u0131tmas\u0131na ve y\u00f6netmesine olanak tan\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes, i\u015f y\u00fcklerini birden fazla d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcme da\u011f\u0131tarak y\u00fcksek kullan\u0131labilirlik ve \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilirlik sa\u011flamak \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca kendi kendini iyile\u015ftirme ve yatay \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirme i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes Mimarisi\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes mimarisi, her biri sistemin genel i\u015fleyi\u015finde hayati bir rol oynayan bir dizi temel bile\u015fene dayanmaktad\u0131r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Kontrol D\u00fczlemi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes kontrol d\u00fczlemi k\u00fcmenin y\u00f6netiminden sorumludur. Her biri genel k\u00fcme y\u00f6netiminde belirli bir role sahip olan \u00e7e\u015fitli bile\u015fenlerden olu\u015fur. Kontrol d\u00fczleminin en \u00f6nemli bile\u015fenleri etcd veri taban\u0131, API sunucusu, zamanlay\u0131c\u0131 ve denetleyici y\u00f6neticisidir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

etcd veritaban\u0131, podlar ve hizmetler hakk\u0131ndaki bilgiler de dahil olmak \u00fczere k\u00fcme durumunu depolar. API sunucusu, k\u00fcmeyi y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek bir RESTful API sunar. Zamanlay\u0131c\u0131, podlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlere zamanlamaktan sorumludur. Denetleyici y\u00f6neticisi, \u00e7o\u011faltma denetleyicilerini ve hizmet hesaplar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmekten sorumludur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Veri D\u00fczlemi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes veri d\u00fczlemi k\u00fcmedeki d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerden olu\u015fur. Her d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm, podlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktan sorumlu olan bir kubelet \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Podlar, bir depolama birimini ve a\u011f ad alan\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fan konteyner gruplar\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmler ayr\u0131ca podlar i\u00e7in y\u00fck dengeleme ve hizmet ke\u015ffi sa\u011flayan bir proxy hizmeti \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Kube-apiserver<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kube-apiserver, t\u00fcm Kubernetes API \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in merkezi ileti\u015fim noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Veri do\u011frulama, yetkilendirme ve eri\u015fim kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra manifest dosyas\u0131n\u0131 etcd i\u00e7inde depolamaktan sorumludur. Kube-apiserver ayr\u0131ca yap\u0131land\u0131rmay\u0131 varsay\u0131lan de\u011ferlerle doldurmak i\u00e7in bir aray\u00fcz sa\u011flar. Bu, etcd’de saklanmadan \u00f6nce t\u00fcm konfig\u00fcrasyonlar\u0131n do\u011fru \u015fekilde ayarlanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Etcd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kubernetes mimarisindeki etcd bile\u015feni, k\u00fcme yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 depolamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, y\u00fcksek oranda kullan\u0131labilir bir anahtar de\u011fer veri deposudur. Her kaynak i\u00e7in meta verileri ve hem istenen hem de mevcut durumu bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Temel olarak, olu\u015fturulan herhangi bir nesne veya kaynak etcd’ye kaydedilir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fekli, etcd’nin yaln\u0131zca kube-apiserver ile do\u011frudan ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kube-apiserver, veri deposuyla yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm etkile\u015fimler i\u00e7in bir arabulucu ve do\u011frulay\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ba\u015fka herhangi bir bile\u015fenin etcd’de depolanan kaynaklar\u0131n meta verileri veya durumu hakk\u0131ndaki bilgilere eri\u015fmesi gerekiyorsa, kube-apiserver’dan ge\u00e7meleri gerekir. Bu, etcd bile\u015feninden verilere eri\u015firken d\u00fczeni ve hiyerar\u015fiyi korur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Kube-Controller-Manager<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kube-controller-manager bile\u015feni, Kubernetes k\u00fcmesinin durumunu y\u00f6neten \u00e7e\u015fitli denetleyicileri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktan sorumludur. Denetleyici bile\u015fenleri, apiserver arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla k\u00fcmenin payla\u015f\u0131lan durumunu izler ve istenen durumun ger\u00e7ek duruma yans\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kube-controller-manager, her biri belirli bir g\u00f6revden sorumlu olan bir\u00e7ok denetleyiciyle birlikte g\u00f6nderilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00e7o\u011faltma denetleyicisi belirli say\u0131da podun her zaman \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flarken, hizmet denetleyicisi Kubernetes hizmetleri i\u00e7in y\u00fck dengeleme ve hizmet ke\u015ffi sa\u011flar.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buna ek olarak, kube-controller-manager depolama, a\u011f ve gizli bilgileri y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in denetleyiciler de i\u00e7erir. \u00c7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli denetleyicilerle birlikte g\u00f6nderilerek, kube-controller-manager Kubernetes da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 daha sa\u011flam ve y\u00f6netimi daha kolay hale getirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Kube zamanlay\u0131c\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kube-scheduler, podlar\u0131 k\u00fcmedeki d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlere zamanlamaktan sorumludur. Belirli bir pod’u \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in hangi d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcn en uygun oldu\u011funu belirlemek i\u00e7in mevcut kaynaklar ve d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm kullan\u0131m\u0131 gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rler kullan\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Kubelet<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kubelet, k\u00fcmedeki her d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir ajand\u0131r. Bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcme atanan t\u00fcm podlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktan sorumludur. Ayr\u0131ca Kubernetes master ile ileti\u015fimi y\u00f6netir ve d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcn ve podlar\u0131n\u0131n durumu hakk\u0131nda rapor verir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. Kube-proxy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kube-proxy, k\u00fcmedeki her d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir arac\u0131d\u0131r. Hizmetler ve podlar aras\u0131ndaki trafi\u011fi y\u00f6nlendirmekten sorumludur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. Kubectl istemcisi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kubectl istemcisi, bir Kubernetes k\u00fcmesi i\u00e7indeki kaynaklar\u0131 manip\u00fcle etmek amac\u0131yla bir Kubernetes API sunucusuyla aray\u00fcz olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Kubectl istemcisi, bir Kubernetes k\u00fcmesi i\u00e7indeki kaynaklar\u0131 olu\u015fturmak, g\u00fcncellemek, silmek ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca a\u011f olu\u015fturma, RBAC ve di\u011fer k\u00fcme d\u00fczeyi yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere bir Kubernetes k\u00fcmesini yap\u0131land\u0131rmak i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir. Buna ek olarak, kubectl istemcisi bir Kubernetes k\u00fcmesindeki sorunlar\u0131 ay\u0131klamak ve gidermek amac\u0131yla bir Kubernetes API sunucusuna ba\u011flanmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

kubectl komut sat\u0131r\u0131 arac\u0131 Kubernetes k\u00fcmesi ile etkile\u015fim kurmak i\u00e7in Kubernetes API’sini kullan\u0131r. Varsay\u0131lan olarak kubectl, y\u00f6netici taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan sertifika tabanl\u0131 kimlik bilgilerini kullanarak API sunucusuna ba\u011flanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alternatif olarak, kubectl kimlik do\u011frulama i\u00e7in ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 belirte\u00e7leri veya kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131\/parola kullanacak \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilir. Kubectl’in kimli\u011fi do\u011fruland\u0131ktan sonra, Kubernetes k\u00fcmesindeki kaynaklar\u0131 manip\u00fcle etmek i\u00e7in API sunucusuna istek g\u00f6nderecektir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

10. Konteyner \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma zaman\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Konteyner \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma zaman\u0131, belirli bir ana bilgisayarda konteynerleri ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran yaz\u0131l\u0131md\u0131r. Kubernetes, Docker, rkt ve CRI-O gibi bir dizi farkl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma zaman\u0131n\u0131 destekler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir Kubernetes sisteminde, bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm k\u00fcmesi boyunca konteynerli uygulamalar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan birka\u00e7 temel bile\u015fen vard\u0131r. Kontrol d\u00fczlemi birka\u00e7 bile\u015fenden olu\u015fur: API sunucusu, zamanlay\u0131c\u0131 ve denetleyici y\u00f6neticisi.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

API sunucusu, Kubernetes kontrol d\u00fczlemindeki en \u00f6nemli bile\u015fendir ve Kubernetes API’sinin a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sorumludur. Zamanlay\u0131c\u0131, podlar\u0131 k\u00fcmedeki d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlere zamanlamaktan sorumludur.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Denetleyici y\u00f6neticisi, sistemin durumunu g\u00f6zlemleyen ve istenen durumun korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in gerekli de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri yapan birden fazla denetleyiciyi (\u00e7o\u011faltma denetleyicisi gibi) yerle\u015ftiren bir daemon’dur.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kontrol d\u00fczlemi bile\u015fenlerine ek olarak, kubelet ve kube-proxy olmak \u00fczere birka\u00e7 i\u015f\u00e7i d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc bile\u015feni de vard\u0131r. Kubelet, konteynerlerin bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktan ve API sunucusuna geri bildirimde bulunmaktan sorumludur.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kube-proxy, bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmdeki hizmetler i\u00e7in a\u011f olu\u015fturma ve y\u00fck dengelemeden sorumludur. T\u00fcm bu bile\u015fenler, konteynerli uygulamalar i\u00e7in bir d\u00fczenleme platformu sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konteyner Y\u00f6netimi Nas\u0131l Avantajlar Sa\u011flar?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Konteynerle\u015ftirme teknolojisi, \u00f6zellikle buluta haz\u0131r uygulamalar\u0131n hizmetlerine odaklanan \u015firketler ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm sekt\u00f6rlerde yayg\u0131nla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Uygulama buluta haz\u0131r olmasa bile, konteynerlerin size sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi baz\u0131 avantajlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Bir\u00e7ok konteyner tek bir makinede veya hatta bir sanal makinede (VM) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabildi\u011finden altyap\u0131 maliyetinde azalma. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Monolitik veya eski uygulamalar mikro hizmet mimarisi kullan\u0131larak konteynerle\u015ftirilebilir ve gelecekte \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirme i\u00e7in yer a\u00e7\u0131labilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Uygulama farkl\u0131 sistemlerde ayr\u0131 konteynerlerde depolanaca\u011f\u0131 ve ana bilgisayardan izole edilece\u011fi i\u00e7in uygulama g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Konteynerler belirli bir i\u015fletim sistemine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fildir ve konteyner motoru bir ana i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in herhangi bir i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Konteynerler saniyeler i\u00e7inde hesaplama i\u00e7in haz\u0131r olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in hafif ve daha h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Kubernetes \u0130le \u0130lgili En \u00c7ok Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    1. Kubernetes’te konteyner nedir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Kubernetes’teki bir konteyner, altyap\u0131dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak konteynerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f uygulamalar\u0131 ana i\u015fletim sistemine ba\u011flayabilen bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kubernetes b\u00f6yle bir konteyner olu\u015fturmak ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir platformdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2. Pod bir konteyner m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Hem evet hem hay\u0131r. Pod, Kubernetes’te bir k\u00fcmedeki en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m birimidir. Bir veya birden fazla kapsay\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir. Bir pod tek bir konteyner i\u00e7eriyorsa pod ve konteyner terimlerini birbirinin yerine kullanabilirsiniz, ancak birden fazla konteyner i\u00e7eriyorsa kullanamazs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3. Docker konteyneri bir sanal makine midir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Her ikisi de sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma teknolojilerini kullan\u0131r, ancak farkl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Sanal makineler konuk i\u015fletim sistemine sahipken, docker konteyneri ana i\u015fletim sistemini payla\u015f\u0131r. Bu, Docker konteynerlerini VM’lerden \u00e7ok daha verimli ve hafif yapar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4. Docker ve Container aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Konteyner, uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve bu uygulamalar\u0131 altyap\u0131dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hale getirmek i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir yaz\u0131l\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Docker, konteynerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f uygulamalar olu\u015fturmak ve da\u011f\u0131tmak i\u00e7in bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma zaman\u0131 ortam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    5. Konteyner ve Kubernetes nedir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Konteynerler ve Kubernetes paralel olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Konteynerler uygulaman\u0131z\u0131 tutar ve herhangi bir yere da\u011f\u0131tman\u0131za izin verirken, Kubernetes konteyner k\u00fcmelerinin i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde do\u011fru \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    6. Konteynerli uygulama nedir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Konteynerli uygulamalar, bir uygulama oldu\u011funda ana bilgisayar altyap\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k olmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan konteynerlerin geli\u015ftirme ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m standartlar\u0131n\u0131 takip eder. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k dosyalar\u0131n\u0131, yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 ve ikili dosyalar\u0131 yanlar\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    7. Konteynerler hangi sorunlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zer?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Konteynerler, sanal makineler gibi her uygulama i\u00e7in bir konuk i\u015fletim sistemi yerine konteynerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f uygulamalar i\u00e7in ana i\u015fletim sistemini kullan\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zellik konteynerlerin boyutunu birka\u00e7 MB’a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek onlar\u0131 sanal makinelere harika bir alternatif haline getirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ayr\u0131ca, i\u015fletim sisteminden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmalar\u0131 sayesinde \u015firketlerin uygulamalar\u0131 buluta veya bulutlar aras\u0131nda kolayca ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olurlar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Kubernetes, bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm k\u00fcmesi boyunca konteynerli uygulamalar\u0131 y\u00f6netmek ve d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir sistemdir. Google taraf\u0131ndan kapsay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekte y\u00f6netmek ve planlamak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kubernetes…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8295,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji"],"yoast_head":"\nKubernetes Nedir? Konteyner Y\u00f6netimi Nas\u0131l Avantajlar Sa\u011flar? - Niobe Hosting<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/kubernetes-nedir-konteyner-yonetimi-nasil-avantajlar-saglar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kubernetes Nedir? Konteyner Y\u00f6netimi Nas\u0131l Avantajlar Sa\u011flar? - Niobe Hosting\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kubernetes, bir d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm k\u00fcmesi boyunca konteynerli uygulamalar\u0131 y\u00f6netmek ve d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir sistemdir. Google taraf\u0131ndan kapsay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekte y\u00f6netmek ve planlamak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 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