{"id":7873,"date":"2023-07-20T02:57:04","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T23:57:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/?p=7873"},"modified":"2023-07-31T04:00:29","modified_gmt":"2023-07-31T01:00:29","slug":"caching-nedir-caching-turleri-nelerdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/caching-nedir-caching-turleri-nelerdir\/","title":{"rendered":"Caching Nedir? Caching T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n web sitelerinin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullanabilecekleri en etkili y\u00f6ntemlerden biri caching yani \u00f6nbelle\u011fe almakt\u0131r. Caching, i\u00e7eri\u011fin bir yerde saklanaca\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6ylece kolayca eri\u015filebilece\u011fi ve kayna\u011fa harici bir geri arama yapmak zorunda kalmayaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu, bir ziyaret\u00e7inin bir web sitesindeki verilere eri\u015fme s\u00fcresini azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Web \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma, s\u0131k eri\u015filen verilerin veya web i\u00e7eri\u011finin (resimler, videolar, HTML sayfalar\u0131 ve di\u011fer kaynaklar gibi) yerel bir sunucuda veya istemci taraf\u0131 cihazda depolanarak i\u00e7eri\u011fin tekrar talep edildi\u011finde geri getirilmesi i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcrenin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015flemidir (okudu\u011funuz sayfay\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bulmak i\u00e7in yer imi kullanmak gibi). Caching, ayn\u0131 verileri orijinal kaynaktan tekrar tekrar alma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in web taramas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ve verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Web caching, istenen i\u00e7eri\u011fin bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nbellekte depolayarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 ayn\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fi tekrar talep etti\u011finde, \u00f6nbellek i\u00e7eri\u011fi orijinal kaynaktan almaya gerek kalmadan h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde sa\u011flayabilir. Bu, aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken veri miktar\u0131n\u0131 ve web sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcklemek i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcreyi azaltarak kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha verimli tarama deneyimleri sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Web caching, istemci taraf\u0131, sunucu taraf\u0131 ve arac\u0131 \u00f6nbellekleme (proxy sunucusu veya i\u00e7erik da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m a\u011f\u0131 gibi) dahil olmak \u00fczere web mimarisinin farkl\u0131 seviyelerinde uygulanabilir. Ayr\u0131ca, i\u00e7eri\u011fin belirli bir s\u00fcre boyunca \u00f6nbellekte sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman tabanl\u0131 \u00f6nbellekleme veya i\u00e7eri\u011fin yaln\u0131zca belirli ko\u015fullar kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ko\u015fullu \u00f6nbellekleme gibi farkl\u0131 \u00f6nbellekleme teknikleri de vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genel olarak web caching, web i\u00e7eri\u011fine daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha g\u00fcvenilir eri\u015fim sa\u011flarken gecikme s\u00fcresini, bant geni\u015fli\u011fi kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve sunucu y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc azaltmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in web performans\u0131n\u0131 optimize etmek ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 deneyimini iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Google son y\u0131llarda site h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun SEO \u00fczerindeki etkisini vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, web sitenizin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmay\u0131 vaat eden \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma eklentilerinde, widget’larda ve hizmetlerde bir patlama ya\u015fand\u0131. Yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n fark\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey, bazen bu t\u00fcr \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma eklentilerinin siteniz \u00fczerinde tam tersi bir etkiye sahip oldu\u011fudur. \u00d6nbelle\u011fe alma t\u00fcrleri aras\u0131ndaki benzerlik ve farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 bilmek, sitenizin t\u0131kanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Caching Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bir web sitesini her ziyaret etti\u011finizde, cihaz\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n siteyle ili\u015fkili t\u00fcm verileri almas\u0131 gerekir. Siteye ilk kez eri\u015fti\u011finizde, sonraki ziyaretlerde y\u00fckleme s\u00fcrelerini h\u0131zland\u0131rmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 bilgiler otomatik olarak bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zda veya mobil cihaz\u0131n\u0131zda depolan\u0131r. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, y\u00fckleme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in hangi bilgilerin depolanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7emez. Bu bilgiler, web sitesi geli\u015ftiricileri taraf\u0131ndan ziyaret\u00e7iler i\u00e7in en iyi deneyimi sunaca\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131klar\u0131 bilgilere g\u00f6re \u00f6nceden belirlenir. Bunlar genellikle bir web sitesindeki resimler, dosyalar, komut dosyalar\u0131 ve di\u011fer multimedya gibi verilerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Caching\u2019in Avantajlar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Etkili caching hem i\u00e7erik t\u00fcketicilerine hem de i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \u00d6nbelle\u011fe alman\u0131n i\u00e7erik da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na getirdi\u011fi avantajlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Azalan a\u011f maliyetleri<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u00e7erik, i\u00e7erik t\u00fcketicisi ile i\u00e7erik kayna\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki a\u011f yolunun \u00e7e\u015fitli noktalar\u0131nda \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nabilir. \u0130\u00e7erik t\u00fcketiciye daha yak\u0131n bir yerde \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, istekler \u00f6nbelle\u011fin \u00f6tesinde \u00e7ok fazla ek a\u011f etkinli\u011fine neden olmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f yan\u0131t verebilirlik<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nbelle\u011fe alma, i\u00e7eri\u011fin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc t\u00fcm bir a\u011f gidi\u015f d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc gerekli de\u011fildir. Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fi gibi kullan\u0131c\u0131ya yak\u0131n tutulan \u00f6nbellekler, bu eri\u015fimi neredeyse anl\u0131k hale getirebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Ayn\u0131 donan\u0131m \u00fczerinde daha y\u00fcksek performans<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fin kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 sunucu i\u00e7in \u00f6nbelle\u011fe almaya izin vererek ayn\u0131 donan\u0131mdan daha fazla performans elde edilebilir. \u0130\u00e7erik sahibi, belirli i\u00e7erik y\u00fcklerinin y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc almak i\u00e7in da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m yolu boyunca g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sunuculardan yararlanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. A\u011f kesintileri s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u00e7eri\u011fin kullan\u0131labilirli\u011fi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Belirli politikalarla \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma, i\u00e7erik kaynak sunuculardan k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli\u011fine kullan\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bile son kullan\u0131c\u0131lara i\u00e7erik sunmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neler \u00d6nbelle\u011fe Al\u0131nabilir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 i\u00e7erikler di\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nmaya daha elveri\u015flidir. \u00c7o\u011fu site i\u00e7in \u00f6nbellek dostu olan baz\u0131 i\u00e7erikler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Logolar ve marka g\u00f6rselleri<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Genel olarak d\u00f6nmeyen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler (\u00f6rne\u011fin navigasyon simgeleri)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Stil sayfalar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Genel Javascript dosyalar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0130ndirilebilir i\u00e7erik<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Medya dosyalar\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Bunlar nadiren de\u011fi\u015fme e\u011filimindedir, bu nedenle daha uzun s\u00fcreler boyunca \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131man\u0131n faydal\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00d6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131rken dikkatli olman\u0131z gereken baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011feler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • HTML sayfalar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • D\u00f6nen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • S\u0131kl\u0131kla de\u011fi\u015ftirilen Javascript ve CSS<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Kimlik do\u011frulama \u00e7erezleri ile istenen i\u00e7erik<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Neredeyse hi\u00e7bir zaman \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nmamas\u0131 gereken baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011feler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Hassas verilerle ilgili varl\u0131klar (bankac\u0131l\u0131k bilgileri vb.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Kullan\u0131c\u0131ya \u00f6zel ve s\u0131k de\u011fi\u015ftirilen i\u00e7erikler<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Yukar\u0131daki genel kurallara ek olarak, farkl\u0131 i\u00e7erik t\u00fcrlerini uygun \u015fekilde \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131yan ilkeler belirlemek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin, kimli\u011fi do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc sitenizin ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsa, bu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc herhangi bir yerde \u00f6nbelle\u011fe almak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir. Kimli\u011fi do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131c\u0131lar sitenin bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olacak kullan\u0131c\u0131ya duyarl\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsa, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na \u00f6nbelle\u011fe almas\u0131n\u0131, ancak herhangi bir arac\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fe g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc depolamamas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Site Caching Nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Sayfa caching (HTTP veya site \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma olarak da bilinir) resimler, web sayfalar\u0131 ve di\u011fer i\u00e7erikler gibi verileri ilk kez y\u00fcklendi\u011finde ge\u00e7ici olarak depolar. Bu veriler RAM’in kullan\u0131lmayan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde saklan\u0131r ve bellek \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli bir etkisi yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Bir ziyaret\u00e7i siteye tekrar d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, i\u00e7erik h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde y\u00fcklenebilir. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131m tablosunu (4 x 4) ezberleyebilmeleri gibi fonksiyon ezberlendikten sonra cevap neredeyse an\u0131nda geri \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Sayfa caching, \u00f6nbelleklemeyi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme \u015fekli a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca kaydedilen verilerin ne kadar s\u00fcreyle saklanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirebilir. Yay\u0131nc\u0131lar, ziyaret\u00e7ilerin yeni i\u00e7erik g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden emin olmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma kurallar\u0131 belirleyebilir. Bu \u015fekilde, de\u011fi\u015ftirilmemi\u015f sayfalar \u00f6nbellekten sunulmaya devam eder. G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler veya di\u011fer i\u00e7erikler g\u00fcncellenmi\u015fse yenilenir ve daha sonraki ziyaretler i\u00e7in \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00d6nbelle\u011fi Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma, istemci taraf\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir web \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr; burada web i\u00e7eri\u011fi, ayn\u0131 i\u00e7erik tekrar istendi\u011finde sunucudan al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken veri miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011finde saklan\u0131r. Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011finin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair ad\u0131m ad\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bulabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 bir web sitesini ziyaret etti\u011finde, taray\u0131c\u0131 sunucuya web sayfas\u0131 ve ili\u015fkili kaynaklar\u0131 (resimler, CSS dosyalar\u0131 ve JavaScript dosyalar\u0131 gibi) i\u00e7in bir istek g\u00f6nderir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Sunucu, istenen i\u00e7eri\u011fi, i\u00e7eri\u011fin kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011finde ne kadar s\u00fcreyle saklanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine ili\u015fkin talimatlarla birlikte (“Cache-Control” ve “Expires” gibi HTTP \u00fcstbilgileri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla) geri g\u00f6ndererek yan\u0131t verir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Taray\u0131c\u0131, i\u00e7eri\u011fin bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011finde saklar ve bunu sayfan\u0131n veya kayna\u011f\u0131n URL’si ile ili\u015fkilendirir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ayn\u0131 sayfay\u0131 ziyaret ederse veya ayn\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131 tekrar isterse, taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011finde bu URL ile ili\u015fkili i\u00e7eri\u011fin bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u0130\u00e7erik \u00f6nbellekte mevcutsa ve HTTP ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131nda belirtilen s\u00fcre hen\u00fcz dolmam\u0131\u015fsa, taray\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fi sunucudan tekrar istemek yerine \u00f6nbellekteki kopyay\u0131 kullan\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u0130\u00e7erik \u00f6nbellekte yoksa veya \u00f6nbellekteki kopyan\u0131n s\u00fcresi dolmu\u015fsa, taray\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7erik i\u00e7in sunucuya bir istek g\u00f6nderir ve s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u015ftan ba\u015flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fi, sunucuya yap\u0131lan istek say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve web sayfalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcklenme s\u00fcresini azaltarak web sitesi performans\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rabilir. Ancak, kullan\u0131c\u0131lara eski i\u00e7erik sunmamak ve \u00f6nbellekte saklanmamas\u0131 gereken hassas verilerin \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6nbellekleme ayarlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fi, d\u00fczenli olarak ziyaret etti\u011fimiz siteler i\u00e7in web’deki deneyimi \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 hale getirir. Web sayfas\u0131n\u0131 taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in gerekli verileri istemek ve g\u00f6ndermek yerine, bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zda depolan\u0131r. Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fi de bir t\u00fcr sayfa \u00f6nbelle\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Bu \u015fekilde, bir ki\u015fi web sitenizi daha \u00f6nce bir taray\u0131c\u0131da ziyaret etmi\u015fse, koyabilece\u011finiz kural, “i\u00e7erik de\u011fi\u015fmediyse, ziyaret\u00e7iye daha \u00f6nce g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sitenin ayn\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6ster” \u015feklindedir. Bu, web sayfas\u0131n\u0131n an\u0131nda y\u00fcklenmesini sa\u011flar (sayfan\u0131n \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbellekleri dosya ve i\u00e7erik gruplar\u0131n\u0131 depolar veya daha sonra kullan\u0131r. Bu dosya t\u00fcrleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • HTML\/CSS sayfalar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • JavaScript<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Resimler\/Multimedya<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131nda \u00f6nbellekleme ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 yapabilir veya de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirler. T\u00fcm b\u00fcy\u00fck taray\u0131c\u0131lar (Chrome, Firefox) taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fini kullan\u0131r. Web siteleri kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile ileti\u015fim kurma yetene\u011fine sahiptir. Sayfalar g\u00fcncellendi\u011finde, taray\u0131c\u0131 eski i\u00e7eri\u011fi yeni i\u00e7erikle de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi bilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Caching Kurallar\u0131 Nedir ve Nas\u0131l Ayarlan\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            Caching kurallar\u0131, web i\u00e7eri\u011finin nas\u0131l \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ne zaman sona erece\u011fini belirleyen talimatlard\u0131r. Bu kurallar, web i\u00e7eri\u011fi talep edildi\u011finde istemcinin taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6nderilen sunucu yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n HTTP ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131nda ayarlan\u0131r. \u00d6nbelle\u011fe alma kurallar\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u00e7eri\u011fin sunucudan talep edilmesi yerine \u00f6nbellekten ne zaman al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirterek web performans\u0131n\u0131 optimize etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olurlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            HTTP ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131nda ayarlanabilen birka\u00e7 caching kural\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • Cache-Control:<\/strong> Bu ba\u015fl\u0131k, belirli bir kaynak i\u00e7in \u00f6nbellekleme kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u00f6nergelerini belirtir. \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fin ne kadar s\u00fcre \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, hi\u00e7 \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131n\u0131p al\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve payla\u015f\u0131lan bir \u00f6nbellekte mi yoksa \u00f6zel bir \u00f6nbellekte mi saklanabilece\u011fini belirtebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Expires:<\/strong> Bu ba\u015fl\u0131k, kayna\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nan kopyas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcresinin dolaca\u011f\u0131 ve sunucudan yenilenmesi gereken tarih ve saati belirtir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • ETag:<\/strong> Bu ba\u015fl\u0131k, \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nan kopyan\u0131n hala ge\u00e7erli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya sunucudan yeni bir kopyan\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekip gerekmedi\u011fini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek kaynak i\u00e7in benzersiz bir tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Last-Modified: <\/strong>Bu ba\u015fl\u0131k, \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nan kopyan\u0131n hala ge\u00e7erli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya sunucudan yeni bir kopyan\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekip gerekmedi\u011fini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek, kayna\u011f\u0131n en son de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011fi tarih ve saati sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              \u00d6nbelle\u011fe alma kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlamak i\u00e7in sunucu yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n HTTP ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeniz gerekir. \u00d6nbelle\u011fe alma kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zel y\u00f6ntem, kullan\u0131lan sunucu platformuna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Genel olarak, \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma kurallar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak veya sunucu taraf\u0131 kodunda programl\u0131 olarak ayarlayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u00d6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nan i\u00e7eri\u011fin eski veya hatal\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve hassas verilerin \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma kurallar\u0131n\u0131 dikkatli bir \u015fekilde ayarlamak \u00f6nemlidir. Ayr\u0131ca, web sitenizin \u00f6zel gereksinimlerine g\u00f6re optimize edildiklerinden emin olmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma kurallar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak izlemeli ve ayarlamal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u00d6nbelle\u011fe alma kurallar\u0131, yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n sitenizin \u00f6\u011felerinin ne s\u0131kl\u0131kta \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin parametreleri ayarlamas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r. Bir ziyaret\u00e7i bug\u00fcn erken saatlerde ana sayfan\u0131za geldiyse, bu iste\u011fin ayn\u0131 i\u00e7erik i\u00e7in sunucuyu aramas\u0131 mant\u0131kl\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130\u00e7erik de\u011fi\u015fmediyse, sitenizin \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc sunmak an\u0131nda y\u00fcklenmesini sa\u011flar. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in iyi taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbellekleme kurallar\u0131 istersiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u00c7o\u011fu yay\u0131nc\u0131, Google Lighthouse performans denetimlerindeki \u00f6neriler nedeniyle \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alma kurallar\u0131na a\u015finad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Caching T\u00fcrleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

              \u0130ki t\u00fcr caching vard\u0131r: sunucu ve taray\u0131c\u0131. Sunucu \u00f6nbelle\u011fi sunucuda yap\u0131l\u0131r ve taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fi istemci (kullan\u0131c\u0131) taraf\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              1. Sunucu \u00d6nbelle\u011fe Alma<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              Ziyaret edilen web sitelerinin di\u011fer dosyalarla birlikte saklanmas\u0131, i\u00e7eri\u011fi almak i\u00e7in her seferinde i\u015flemden ge\u00e7mek zorunda kalmaktan \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu i\u015flem h\u0131zl\u0131 bir i\u015flemdir, ancak zaten \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fundan ve \u00f6nbellek sunucusu fiziksel olarak son kullan\u0131c\u0131ya daha yak\u0131n oldu\u011fundan \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc almak yine de zaman kazand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              2. Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00d6nbelle\u011fi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fi de benzer \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z sayfan\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fine ek olarak yaz\u0131 tipleri ve Javascript dosyalar\u0131 gibi kaynaklar\u0131 da indirir. G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler, indirilmesi en uzun s\u00fcren \u00f6\u011feler oldu\u011fundan \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken en \u00f6nemli \u00f6\u011felerdir. Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda bir sonraki ziyaretinizde taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n siteyi daha h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00fcklemesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Caching Temizleme<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

              Bir web sitesi i\u00e7in ideal y\u00fckleme s\u00fcresi yakla\u015f\u0131k iki ila \u00fc\u00e7 saniyedir. Bu s\u00fcre, ziyaret\u00e7ilerin site y\u00fcklenmeden ayr\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek ve geri d\u00f6nmelerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.  \u00d6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nan bilgiler \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i deneyimi iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lsa da, \u00e7ok fazla bilgi kaydedildi\u011finde web sitelerini t\u0131kayabilir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u00c7o\u011fu cihaz\u0131n kendi \u00f6nbellek temizleme \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r, ancak bazen taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011finizi temizlemeniz gerekir. Dolu bir \u00f6nbelle\u011fi temizlemek, h\u0131zlar\u0131 art\u0131rmaya veya do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmeyen sayfalar\u0131 d\u00fczeltmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Caching Temizleme Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

              \u0130\u015fte en yayg\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00f6nbelle\u011finizi nas\u0131l temizleyece\u011finize ili\u015fkin temel ad\u0131mlar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bulabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              1. Google Chrome<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              Sa\u011f \u00fcst k\u00f6\u015fedeki \u00fc\u00e7 dikey noktaya, ”Di\u011fer Ara\u00e7lar”<\/strong>a t\u0131klay\u0131n ve ard\u0131ndan ”Tarama Verilerini Temizle”<\/strong>yi se\u00e7in. \u00d6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nan resimler ve dosyalar kutusunu se\u00e7in ve ard\u0131ndan ”Verileri temizle” <\/strong>butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n. Mobil cihazlarda bu verileri temizleme konusunda yard\u0131m i\u00e7in Google’\u0131n destek sayfas\u0131na bak\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              2. Safari<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              Safari a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r men\u00fcs\u00fcnden ”Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi Sil”<\/strong>i se\u00e7erek ge\u00e7mi\u015finizi temizlemeyi de tercih edebilirsiniz. Geli\u015fmi\u015f se\u00e7enekler i\u00e7in Apple Destek’i ziyaret edin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              3. Microsoft Edge<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              Sa\u011f \u00fcst k\u00f6\u015fedeki \u00fc\u00e7 nokta men\u00fcs\u00fcne t\u0131klay\u0131n ve ”Ayarlar”<\/strong>\u0131 se\u00e7in. Arama \u00e7ubu\u011funa “cache” yaz\u0131n ve mavi renkli Neyi temizleyece\u011finizi se\u00e7in butonu t\u0131klay\u0131n. Uygun zaman aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7in, \u00d6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f resimler ve dosyalar se\u00e7ene\u011finin yan\u0131ndaki kutuyu i\u015faretleyin ve ‘‘\u015eimdi temizle” <\/strong>butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              4. Firefox<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              \u00dc\u00e7 yatay \u00e7izgiye t\u0131klay\u0131n ve ”Ayarlar”<\/strong>\u0131 se\u00e7in. Gizlilik ve G\u00fcvenlik <\/strong>panelini se\u00e7in. ”\u00c7erezler ve Site verileri”<\/strong> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, ”Verileri Temizle’<\/strong>‘ye t\u0131klay\u0131n. \u00d6nbelle\u011fe Al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Web \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/strong> kutusunu se\u00e7in ve ard\u0131ndan ”Temizle”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n. \u00d6nbelle\u011finizi otomatik olarak temizlenecek \u015fekilde ayarlamak i\u00e7in e\u011fitimlerini ziyaret edin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u00d6zetle \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nan veriler, bir web sitesi ziyaret edildikten sonra depolanan ge\u00e7ici bellektir. \u0130ki t\u00fcr \u00f6nbellek vard\u0131r: taray\u0131c\u0131 ve sunucu ve her ikisinde de \u00f6nbellekleme, bir web sitesinin y\u00fcklenme s\u00fcresini h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r. Cihazlarda \u00f6nbellek temizleme \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r, ancak bazen gezinmenizi etkileyebilecek depolanm\u0131\u015f bilgi miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak veya gizlilik korumas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nbelle\u011finizi manuel olarak temizlemeniz gerekir. \u00d6nbellekleme, \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i deneyiminizi iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n web sitelerinin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullanabilecekleri en etkili y\u00f6ntemlerden biri caching yani \u00f6nbelle\u011fe almakt\u0131r. Caching, i\u00e7eri\u011fin bir yerde saklanaca\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6ylece kolayca eri\u015filebilece\u011fi ve kayna\u011fa…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":7914,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7873","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-internet"],"yoast_head":"\nCaching Nedir? 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