{"id":7802,"date":"2023-05-30T01:54:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-29T22:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/?p=7802"},"modified":"2023-06-01T02:12:41","modified_gmt":"2023-05-31T23:12:41","slug":"sql-nedir-avantajlari-nelerdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/sql-nedir-avantajlari-nelerdir\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Nedir? Avantajlar\u0131 Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Veri tabanlar\u0131 modern d\u00fcnyan\u0131n itici g\u00fc\u00e7leridir. Sat\u0131r ve s\u00fctunlardaki organize verileri i\u00e7erir ve bir\u00e7ok i\u015fletme i\u00e7in veri kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Veri tabanlar\u0131, Fortune 500 \u015firketleri ve benzer \u015fekilde b\u00fcy\u00fck devlet kurumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in veri organizasyonunun anahtar\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak, bir veri taban\u0131 olu\u015fturmak ve b\u00fcy\u00fck veri tabanlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak ge\u00e7mi\u015fte hi\u00e7 basit de\u011fildi. Asl\u0131nda, b\u00fcy\u00fck veri tabanlar\u0131yla sorunsuz ve kolay bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilecek bu noktaya ula\u015fmak, y\u0131llarca ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve s\u0131k\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gerektirdi.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SQL Tarihi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

SQL, ilk olarak IBM’de 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda Donald D. Chamberlin ve Raymond F. Boyce taraf\u0131ndan Edgar F. Codd’un ili\u015fkisel modeli i\u00e7in tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Daha sonra 1986’da American National Standards Institute\u2019un (ANSI) standard\u0131 haline geldi. Bug\u00fcn SQL, d\u00fcnyada en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan veri taban\u0131 programlama dilidir ve MySQL, SQL Server, Oracle, SQLite ve DB2 dahil olmak \u00fczere en pop\u00fcler ili\u015fkisel veri tabanlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SQL, platformlar aras\u0131, statik, h2 tipi, \u00e7oklu paradigma, bildirime dayal\u0131 bir bilgisayar programlama dilidir. SQL dosyalar\u0131 .sql dosyalar\u0131 olarak saklan\u0131r ve bir komut sat\u0131r\u0131ndan veya \u00e7e\u015fitli UI ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SQL Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

SQL; MySQL, MS Access, Oracle, Postgres ve SQL Server gibi hemen hemen her Relational Database Management System (RDMS) – \u0130li\u015fkisel Veritaban\u0131 Y\u00f6netim Sistemi taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan standart veri taban\u0131 dilidir. SQL, Structured Query Language (Yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Sorgu Dili) i\u00e7in pop\u00fcler olarak kullan\u0131lan bir k\u0131saltmad\u0131r. \u0130li\u015fkisel bir veri taban\u0131ndan veri depolamak, i\u015flemek ve almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir bilgisayar dilidir. SQL, veri taban\u0131 optimizasyonu ve bak\u0131m\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli ba\u015fka g\u00f6revler yapabilir. SQL, hem ili\u015fkisel hem de \u00e7ok boyutlu veri tabanlar\u0131na uygulanabilir. Ayr\u0131ca, kontrol ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 detayland\u0131rmadan bir s\u00fcrecin mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden bilgisayar programlar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131n ve olu\u015fturman\u0131n bir yolu olan bildirimsel bir dildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SQL’in basit bir dilbilgisi ve s\u00f6zdizimi vard\u0131r. The American Standard National Institute (ANSI) ve\u00a0 International Standard Organization (ISO) taraf\u0131ndan standart bir kullan\u0131m dili olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir. SQL dilinin i\u015flevselli\u011fi, i\u015fletim sistemi platformlar\u0131nda neredeyse ayn\u0131d\u0131r. SQL \u00e7ok fazla programlama deneyimi gerektirmez, ancak belirli bir SQL komutunun SQL sorgular\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve alma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan nas\u0131l davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SQL bir Programlama Dili midir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Evet, SQL bir programlama dilidir. D\u00f6ng\u00fc, mant\u0131k y\u00f6nergeleri, de\u011fi\u015fkenler vb. sunar. Ancak, Java veya C++ ile ayn\u0131 anlamda bir dil de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SQL, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc nesil bir dil (4GL) olarak kabul edilirken, Java ve C++ \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc nesil dillerdir (3GL’ler).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SQL, web siteleri, uygulamalar veya yaz\u0131l\u0131m olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in bir programlama dili olmak yerine veri tabanlar\u0131nda veri depolamay\u0131, almay\u0131 ve y\u00f6netmeyi sa\u011flayan bir dildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SQL Neden Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • SQL, ili\u015fkisel bir veri taban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sisteminde verileri sorgulamak ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, SQL’in en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u00d6nceki verileri de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u00c7e\u015fitli veri taban\u0131 etkinliklerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye izin veren \u00e7ok say\u0131da komut sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • SQL, bir veri taban\u0131ndaki i\u015flemleri s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Bug\u00fcn hemen hemen her web sitesi bir back end veri taban\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan desteklenir. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    SQL’in \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n\n\n
    \n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

    1. \u00d6\u011frenmesi Kolay<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    SQL son derece pratik ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 dostu bir dildir. Daha \u00f6nce teknoloji deneyiminiz olmasa bile dilin temellerini \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz. SQL, \u0130ngilizce’ye olduk\u00e7a yak\u0131n bir s\u00f6zdizimine sahiptir ve bu da sorunsuz bir \u00f6\u011frenme e\u011frisi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00a02. \u00c7ok \u00c7e\u015fitli Komutlar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    SQL, CREATE, DROP, ALTER gibi DDL (Data Definition Language) komutlar\u0131 gibi \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli komutlar\u0131 destekler; INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE gibi DML (Data Manipulation Language) komutlar\u0131; GRANT, REVOKE gibi DCL (Data Control Language) komutlar\u0131; COMMIT, ROLLBACK gibi TCL (Transaction Control Language) komutlar\u0131 ve SELECT gibi DQL (Data Query Language) komutlar\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00a0\u00a03. Sakl\u0131 Prosed\u00fcrler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Sakl\u0131 yordam, kaydedip istedi\u011finiz say\u0131da yeniden kullanabilece\u011finiz bir SQL kodu par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Sakl\u0131 yordamlar, bir veri taban\u0131nda bir veya daha fazla DML i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Arg\u00fcman bi\u00e7iminde baz\u0131 girdiler alan, baz\u0131 i\u015fler yapan ve bir sonu\u00e7 d\u00f6nd\u00fcren veya d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeyen bir SQL ifadeleri koleksiyonudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4. Ta\u015f\u0131nabilirlik<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    DQL, veri tan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ve uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nabilirli\u011fini sa\u011flar. Yani uygulamalar bir makineden di\u011ferine ta\u015f\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    5. Birle\u015ftirme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    SQL, iki veri k\u00fcmesini (yani iki veya daha fazla tabloyu) birle\u015ftiren bir komut olan birle\u015ftirme i\u015flemini destekler. INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, FULL JOIN SQL taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen birle\u015ftirmelerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    6. Birle\u015fme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    UNION komutu, SQL’de iki veya daha fazla SELECT ifadesinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    7. \u0130stemci-Sunucu Ortam\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Uygunluk<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    SQL, veri taban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sisteminin (DBMS) bir sunucuda bulundu\u011fu ve istemci isteklerini y\u00f6netti\u011fi bir istemci-sunucu ortam\u0131na \u00e7ok uygundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    8. Entegrasyon<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Ba\u011fl\u0131 bir sunucu kullanarak SQL Server, SQL Server olmayan bir veri taban\u0131na ba\u011flanabilir. Ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 sunucu mekanizmas\u0131, ODBC s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc olarak bilinen bir ara katman yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 kullanarak SQL Server’\u0131 Oracle, MySQL ve Salesforce gibi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf back-end\u2019lere ba\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    9. Y\u00fcksek Performans<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    B\u00fcy\u00fck veri taban\u0131 sistemlerinde SQL, y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde i\u015flem gerektiren a\u011f\u0131r i\u015f y\u00fckleri i\u00e7in performans programlama yetenekleri sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    10. \u00d6l\u00e7eklenebilirlik ve Esneklik<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    SQL, \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir ve esnek bir veri taban\u0131d\u0131r. Yeni tablolar olu\u015fturmak kolayd\u0131r ve \u00f6nceden olu\u015fturulmu\u015f veya art\u0131k kullan\u0131lmayan tablolar bir veri taban\u0131ndan silinebilir. SQL, b\u00fcy\u00fck veri k\u00fcmelerini ve \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flemleri y\u00f6netebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    11. \u0130\u015flemler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u00c7e\u015fitli i\u015flemleri destekleyen TCL, SQL taraf\u0131ndan desteklenir. \u0130\u015flemler, bir insan taraf\u0131ndan manuel olarak veya bir veri taban\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan otomatik olarak tamamlanabilen, mant\u0131ksal olarak s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015f birimler veya i\u015f dizileridir. COMMIT, ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT ve di\u011ferleri gibi SQL komutlar\u0131 i\u015flemleri destekler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    12. G\u00fcvenlik<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    SQL, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerde, tablolarda ve prosed\u00fcrlerde izinlerin ayarlanmas\u0131na izin verir. Bu, hassas veri tabanlar\u0131ndaki verilerin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flar. Ayr\u0131ca, k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar SQL’de belirtilebilir. Bunlar, bir tablo s\u00fctununa girilebilecek veri t\u00fcrlerini s\u0131n\u0131rlayan kurallard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    SQL Komut T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n\n\n
    \n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

    SQL komutlar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki t\u00fcrlerde gelir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Veri Tan\u0131mlama Dili:<\/strong> CREATE ve ALTER gibi DDL komutlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak veri tablolar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlama.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Veri Manip\u00fclasyon Dili:<\/strong> Bilgi ekleyerek, g\u00fcncelleyerek ve silerek veri tabanlar\u0131ndaki verileri i\u015fleme. SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ve DELETE DML komutlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Veri Kontrol Dili:<\/strong> Eri\u015fim ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131 verme ve kullan\u0131c\u0131lardan izinleri geri alma. GRANT ve REVOKE, DCL komutlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u0130\u015flem Kontrol Dili:<\/strong> COMMIT, ROLLBACK ve SAVEPOINT gibi komutlar veri taban\u0131 i\u015flemleriyle ilgilenir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      SQL Dil \u00d6\u011feleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • Anahtar S\u00f6zc\u00fckler:<\/strong> Her bir SQL ifadesi, tek veya birden \u00e7ok anahtar s\u00f6zc\u00fck i\u00e7erir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131lar:<\/strong> Tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131lar, s\u00fctun ve tablo adlar\u0131 gibi nesne adlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Dizeler:<\/strong> Dizeler, de\u011fi\u015fmez de\u011fer dizeleri veya VARCHAR veya CHAR veri t\u00fcrlerine sahip ifadelerdir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u0130fadeler:<\/strong> \u0130fadeler, sabitler, i\u015fle\u00e7ler, s\u00fctun adlar\u0131 ve alt sorgular dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6\u011felerden gelir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Arama Ko\u015fullar\u0131:<\/strong> Belirtilen ko\u015fullar\u0131 kullanarak bir tablodan bir sat\u0131r alt k\u00fcmesi se\u00e7me.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • De\u011fi\u015fkenler:<\/strong> K\u00fcresel, yerel ve ba\u011flant\u0131 d\u00fczeyi de\u011fi\u015fkenleri destekler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Yorumlar<\/strong>: SQL ifadelerini veya bir ifade blo\u011funu tan\u0131mlama.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • NULL:<\/strong> Eksik, bilinmeyen veya uygulanamaz bir de\u011fer belirtme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        SQL K\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        K\u0131s\u0131tlamalar, bir tablodaki s\u00fctunlarla ili\u015fkili belirli kurallard\u0131r. Do\u011fruluk ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in s\u00fctunun kabul etti\u011fi veri t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn filtrelenmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. K\u0131s\u0131tlamalar tablo veya s\u00fctun seviyelerine b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Tablo d\u00fczeyindeki k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar t\u00fcm tablo i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erliyken, s\u00fctun d\u00fczeyindeki k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar yaln\u0131zca s\u00fctunlarla ilgilidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Ortak SQL k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • NOT NULL:<\/strong> S\u00fctunun bo\u015f de\u011ferleri kabul etmemesini sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • DEFAULT:<\/strong> Kullan\u0131c\u0131 herhangi bir de\u011fer belirtmezse varsay\u0131lan bir s\u00fctun de\u011feri sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • UNIQUE:<\/strong> S\u00fctundaki t\u00fcm de\u011ferlerin farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • PRIMARY KEY:<\/strong> Tablodaki her kayd\u0131\/s\u0131ray\u0131 benzersiz olarak tan\u0131mlar. Birincil anahtar s\u00fctununda NULL de\u011ferler yoktur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • FOREIGN KEY:<\/strong> Ba\u015fka bir tablodaki birincil anahtar\u0131 ifade eder. Ba\u015fvuru anahtar\u0131 olarak da bilinir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • CHECK:<\/strong> Bir s\u00fctundaki t\u00fcm de\u011ferlerin belirli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctleri veya ko\u015fullar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • INDEX:<\/strong> Her sat\u0131ra atanan say\u0131sal bir de\u011fer bir dizindir. Bir tablodan verileri h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde al\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Veri Analizinde SQL Neden Tercih Edilir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          M\u00fchendisler yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirmede SQL’i yayg\u0131n olarak kullansa da, anlamsal olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenilmesi kolay oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in veri analistleri aras\u0131nda da pop\u00fclerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Ayr\u0131ca, SQL b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda veriye depoland\u0131klar\u0131 yerden do\u011frudan eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labildi\u011finden, analistlerin verileri ba\u015fka uygulamalara kopyalamas\u0131na gerek kalmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u00d6te yandan, elektronik tablo ara\u00e7lar\u0131na k\u0131yasla, SQL’de yap\u0131lan veri analizinin denetlenmesi ve kopyalanmas\u0131 kolayd\u0131r. Veri analisti i\u015fleri i\u00e7in bu, art\u0131k form\u00fclde yaz\u0131m hatas\u0131 olan h\u00fccreyi aramamak anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          1. G\u00fcnl\u00fck SQL Kullan\u0131m\u0131 <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Netflix’te be\u011feninize g\u00f6re bir film veya oyuncu arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 hayal edin. Men\u00fcdeki kategorilerden veya arama \u00e7ubu\u011fundan yararlanabilirsiniz. Netflix gibi bir uygulamaya g\u00f6z atarken, bir ba\u011flant\u0131ya her t\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda “istedi\u011finiz” bilgileri d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmekten SQL sorumludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          2. SQL ile Stratejileri \u0130yile\u015ftirin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Ge\u00e7mi\u015f sat\u0131\u015f verilerinizdeki baz\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 yakalamak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapabilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin indirim kampanyas\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ge\u00e7en ayki sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla, indirimi kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bu ayki sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lardan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak isteyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Bir reklam kampanyas\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in reklam\u0131 yay\u0131nlamadan \u00f6nce ve sonra sat\u0131\u015f rakamlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in de SQL’i kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Bu sayede farkl\u0131 sat\u0131\u015f promosyon programlar\u0131n\u0131n performanslar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rabilir ve sat\u0131\u015f politikan\u0131z\u0131 buna g\u00f6re belirleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kaynak ve giderler i\u00e7in yenilik yapmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen bir i\u015fletme y\u00f6neticisi, SQL kullanarak hangi kaynaklar\u0131n verimli kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hangilerinin gereksiz oldu\u011funu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rabilir ve bu sayede daha tutarl\u0131 kararlar alabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          SQL Ne \u0130\u00e7in Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          Veri tabanlar\u0131 (ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla SQL), teknoloji alan\u0131nda \u00f6nemli miktarda verinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 hemen hemen her alanda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. SQL’i en yayg\u0131n olarak kullanan sekt\u00f6rlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde, bankac\u0131l\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131 ve Stripe gibi \u00f6deme i\u015flemcileri, finansal i\u015flemler ve kullan\u0131c\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda verileri depolar ve i\u015fletir. Bu i\u015flemlerin arkas\u0131nda, SQL’in s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 karma\u015f\u0131k bir veri taban\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, banka veri taban\u0131 sistemleri, kullan\u0131lan SQL kodunda en y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde risk uyumu gerektiren ekstra g\u00fcvenlik gereksinimlerine sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Spotify ve Pandora gibi m\u00fczik uygulamalar\u0131 da yo\u011fun kullan\u0131ml\u0131 veri tabanlar\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Di\u011fer \u015feylerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Sequel veri tabanlar\u0131, bu uygulamalar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n geni\u015f m\u00fczik dosyalar\u0131 ve alb\u00fcm kitapl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 depolamas\u0131na, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in bu verileri kullanmas\u0131na, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar ve tercihleri hakk\u0131nda verileri depolamas\u0131na vb. yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Sosyal medya platformlar\u0131 \u00e7ok fazla veri i\u015flemeyi i\u00e7erir. Instagram ve Snapchat gibi uygulamalar, bir kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n biyografi ve konum gibi profil bilgilerini depolamak, bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 yeni bir g\u00f6nderi olu\u015fturdu\u011funda veya bir foto\u011fraf payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uygulaman\u0131n veri taban\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcncellemek ve bir kullan\u0131c\u0131dan di\u011ferine g\u00f6nderilen mesajlar\u0131 kaydetmek i\u00e7in SQL kullan\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Bu veri tabanlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in SQL dili kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Telefonunuzdaki sosyal a\u011flardan bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zdaki uygulamalara kadar pek \u00e7ok yaz\u0131l\u0131m SQL’in bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Bilmeniz Gereken SQL Veri Taban\u0131 Sistemleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          Bir veri taban\u0131 sistemi, geli\u015ftiricinin bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 arabirimi yard\u0131m\u0131yla veri tabanlar\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na izin veren bir programd\u0131r. Veri taban\u0131 sistemleri genellikle haz\u0131r \u015fablonlara ve olu\u015fturuculara sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Bu ara\u00e7lar, bir veri taban\u0131 programc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok daha kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bunun nedeni, bu t\u00fcr ara\u00e7lar\u0131n veri taban\u0131 sistemini temizlemek gibi genel g\u00f6revleri otomatikle\u015ftirmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Bu sistemler, DB-Engines pop\u00fclerlik puanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131ralan\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          S\u0131ralama a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki de\u011fi\u015fkenleri dikkate al\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • Arama motoru sorgular\u0131ndaki sonu\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen ve web sitelerinde sistemden bahsedenlerin say\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Sisteme genel ilgi veya Google Trendler’deki arama s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Sistemle ilgili teknik tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Sistemden bahseden i\u015f teklifi say\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Sistemin bahsedildi\u011fi profesyonel a\u011flardaki profil say\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Sosyal a\u011flarda alaka d\u00fczeyi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            1. Oracle Database<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            Oracle, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen SQL veri taban\u0131 sistemidir. \u00c7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli sekt\u00f6rlerde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r, ancak \u00f6zellikle veri ambar\u0131 ve \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i i\u015flem i\u015flemede pop\u00fclerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            2. MySQL<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            Bu a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 veri taban\u0131 sistemi, bireyler ve i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in \u00fccretsiz olarak kullan\u0131labilir. Lisans \u00fccreti olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeler ve yeni ba\u015flayanlar aras\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fclerdir. A\u00e7\u0131k kaynak modeli nedeniyle, MySQL bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k kaynak yaz\u0131l\u0131m program\u0131 ve uygulamas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            SQL ve MySQL birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, ancak tamamen farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Bir MySQL veri taban\u0131nda depolanan verilere eri\u015fmek, bunlar\u0131 g\u00fcncellemek ve de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in SQL’i kullan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            3. Microsoft SQL Server<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            SQL Server, Microsoft’un SQL veri taban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sistemidir. Bu veri taban\u0131, Windows i\u015fletim sistemlerinin t\u00fcm ana s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. T\u00fcketici yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131nda ve Windows \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran web sunucular\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Geni\u015f bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 taban\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            4. PostgreSQL<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            MySQL’in \u00f6nemli bir rakibi olan PostgreSQL, ba\u015fka bir \u00fccretsiz, a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 veri taban\u0131 sistemidir. \u00dccretsiz lisanslama modeli i\u00e7in teknoloji giri\u015fimleri taraf\u0131ndan yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. PostgreSQL t\u00fcm b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fletim sistemlerini destekler; MacOS, Windows ve Linux. Standart SQL s\u00f6zdizimini takip etmeye di\u011fer veri tabanlar\u0131ndan daha fazla \u00f6nem verir. Di\u011fer veri tabanlar\u0131 (SQL Server gibi), SQL standard\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015ftirerek \u00f6\u011frenmelerini zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            5. NoSQL<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            NoSQL (“sadece SQL de\u011fil”) bir t\u00fcr “ili\u015fkisel olmayan” veri taban\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir (yani, \u00e7o\u011fu geleneksel veri taban\u0131 sisteminde bulunan bir sat\u0131r ve s\u00fctun \u015femas\u0131 kullanmaz).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            SQL veri tabanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceden tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir \u015femas\u0131 olsa da, NoSQL veri tabanlar\u0131, depolanan veri t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn gereksinimlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak verileri bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u015fekilde depolaman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r. NoSQL veya ili\u015fkisel olmayan veri tabanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda MongoDB, Apache Cassandra ve Couchbase bulunur. (Bu veri tabanlar\u0131na eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in SQL kullanamazs\u0131n\u0131z).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            SQL \u0130le \u0130lgili En \u00c7ok Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            1. SQL’in avantajlar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            SQL’in en \u00f6nemli avantajlar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • Daha h\u0131zl\u0131 sorgu i\u015fleme sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u00d6\u011frenmesi kolayd\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Ta\u015f\u0131nabilirdir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmleri destekler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u00c7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli komutlar sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              2. SQL’in kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              SQL a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • Veri tabanlar\u0131n\u0131n sorgulanmas\u0131 ve bak\u0131m\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Veri tabanlar\u0131ndaki i\u015flemleri koruma<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Veri taban\u0131ndan bilgi alman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6nceki verileri de\u011fi\u015ftirme veya g\u00fcncelleme<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Bir veri taban\u0131nda, verileri silmek ve yeni bir tablo olu\u015fturmak<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Tablo, prosed\u00fcr ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme izinlerini ayarlama<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u0130\u015flevler, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmler olu\u015fturma ve prosed\u00fcrleri saklama<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                3. SQL ifadelerinin t\u00fcrleri nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                SQL ifadeleri, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifade t\u00fcrlerini destekler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • Data Definition Language (DDL) Statements<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Data Manipulation Language (DML) Statements<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Transaction Control Statements<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Session Control Statements<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • System Control Statement<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Embedded SQL Statements<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  4. ACID \u00f6zellikleri nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0130\u015flem \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 veri taban\u0131nda tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in belirli \u00f6zelliklere uyulur, bu \u00f6zelliklere ACID \u00f6zellikleri denir. Bu \u00f6zellikler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • Atomiklik: Ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen herhangi bir i\u015flem tamamen y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmeli veya hi\u00e7 tamamlanmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Tutarl\u0131l\u0131k: Verilerin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc korunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u0130zolasyon: Bir veri \u00fczerindeki i\u015flem, di\u011ferindeki i\u015flemi etkilememelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k: Bir i\u015flemin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinden sonra veriler kal\u0131c\u0131 hale gelmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    Veri tabanlar\u0131 modern d\u00fcnyan\u0131n itici g\u00fc\u00e7leridir. Sat\u0131r ve s\u00fctunlardaki organize verileri i\u00e7erir ve bir\u00e7ok i\u015fletme i\u00e7in veri kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Veri tabanlar\u0131, Fortune 500 \u015firketleri…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":7804,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-programlama"],"yoast_head":"\nSQL Nedir? Avantajlar\u0131 Nelerdir? - Niobe Hosting<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/sql-nedir-avantajlari-nelerdir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SQL Nedir? Avantajlar\u0131 Nelerdir? - Niobe Hosting\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Veri tabanlar\u0131 modern d\u00fcnyan\u0131n itici g\u00fc\u00e7leridir. Sat\u0131r ve s\u00fctunlardaki organize verileri i\u00e7erir ve bir\u00e7ok i\u015fletme i\u00e7in veri kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. 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