{"id":7699,"date":"2023-04-20T14:34:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-20T11:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/?p=7699"},"modified":"2023-05-16T15:26:01","modified_gmt":"2023-05-16T12:26:01","slug":"api-nedir-ne-ise-yarar-api-nerelerde-kullanilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/api-nedir-ne-ise-yarar-api-nerelerde-kullanilir\/","title":{"rendered":"API Nedir, Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar? API Nerelerde Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Application programming interface<\/strong> yani uygulama programlama arabirimi <\/strong>anlam\u0131na gelen API, farkl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m bile\u015fenlerinin ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 ve veri aktarmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir dizi protokold\u00fcr. Geli\u015ftiriciler; g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, dayan\u0131kl\u0131, g\u00fcvenli ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilen uygulamalar olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve ayr\u0131k kod par\u00e7alar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluklar\u0131 kapatmak i\u00e7in API’leri kullan\u0131r. Siz g\u00f6remeseniz bile API’ler her yerdedir ve modern ya\u015famlar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in gerekli olan dijital deneyimlere g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in arka planda s\u00fcrekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

API’ler Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

API’ler, uygulamalar, sistemler ve cihazlar aras\u0131nda veri payla\u015farak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcreci daha iyi anlamak i\u00e7in API’leri restoranlar gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz. Bu \u00f6rnekte m\u00fc\u015fteri, garsona ne istedi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen kullan\u0131c\u0131 gibidir. Garson, m\u00fc\u015fterinin sipari\u015fini alan ve bunu mutfak i\u00e7in takip etmesi kolay talimatlara \u00e7eviren bir API gibidir; bazen mutfak personelinin tan\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel kodlar veya k\u0131saltmalar kullan\u0131r. Mutfak personeli, sipari\u015fi m\u00fc\u015fterinin \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ve garsona verdi\u011fi ve ard\u0131ndan m\u00fc\u015fteriye teslim etti\u011fi i\u00e7in API sunucusu gibidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eimdi bir seviye daha derine inebilir ve API istemcisinden ba\u015flayarak bir API’nin farkl\u0131 bile\u015fenlerini incelemeye ba\u015flayabilirsiniz. API istemcisi, kullan\u0131c\u0131 eylemlerine yan\u0131t olarak istekleri bir araya getirmekten ve bunlar\u0131 uygun API u\u00e7 noktas\u0131na g\u00f6ndermekten sorumludur. U\u00e7 noktalar, bir veri taban\u0131ndaki belirli kaynaklara eri\u015fim sa\u011flayan Uniform Resource Identifiers\u2019d\u0131r (URI’ler). \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 bir e-ticaret ma\u011fazas\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcnleri g\u00f6rmek isterse, API istemcisi \/products u\u00e7 noktas\u0131na bir GET iste\u011fi g\u00f6nderir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

API sunucusu iste\u011fi al\u0131r, ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu onaylar, uygun verileri al\u0131r veya de\u011fi\u015ftirir ve m\u00fc\u015fteriye bir yan\u0131t verir. \/products u\u00e7 noktas\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir GET iste\u011fi durumunda, bu, yan\u0131t ma\u011fazan\u0131n katalo\u011fundaki t\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve 200 durum kodunu i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neden Bir API Kullanmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/h2>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

API’ler \u00e7ok say\u0131da amaca hizmet eder. Genel olarak, yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirmeyi basitle\u015ftirir ve h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r. Geli\u015ftiriciler, di\u011fer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lardan mevcut \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlere i\u015flevsellik (yani bir tavsiye sistemi, konaklama rezervasyon motoru, \u00f6deme i\u015fleme veya g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc tan\u0131ma \u00f6zelli\u011fi) ekleyebilir veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n hizmetlerini kullanarak yeni uygulamalar olu\u015fturabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Durum ne olursa olsun, uzmanlar\u0131n di\u011fer \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak kaynak koduyla u\u011fra\u015fmas\u0131 gerekmez. Yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131l\u0131ma ba\u011flamalar\u0131 yeterlidir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, API’ler, iki sistem aras\u0131nda bir soyutlama katman\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rerek, ikincisinin karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 gizler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

API’lerin rol\u00fc, yaln\u0131zca yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda i\u015fbirli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da bakarsak daha da b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Kaynak al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi i\u00e7in makine taraf\u0131ndan okunabilen bu arabirimler, gizli bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve gerekli teknolojik ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 sa\u011flayan teslimat hizmetleri gibidir. Fourth State of API Integration Report of 2020\u2019ye g\u00f6re, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 83’\u00fc API entegrasyonunu i\u015fletmeleri ve BT altyap\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in “kritik” bulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu ba\u011flamda, karar vericiler ve geli\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in iki ana g\u00f6rev, bir \u015firketin belirli i\u015f ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na uygun API’yi se\u00e7mek ve onu nas\u0131l etkin bir \u015fekilde kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir API’yi Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131r\u0131m?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bir API kullanmak genellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ad\u0131mlar<\/strong><\/td>Tan\u0131m<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Bir API bulun<\/strong><\/td>Bir API kullanman\u0131n ilk ad\u0131m\u0131, ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funuz i\u015flevselli\u011fi sa\u011flayan bir API bulmakt\u0131r. \u0130nternette bir\u00e7ok API vard\u0131r ve arama motorlar\u0131n\u0131, geli\u015ftirici portallar\u0131n\u0131 veya API pazar yerlerini kullanarak API’leri arayabilirsiniz.<\/td><\/tr>
Belgeleri okuyun<\/strong><\/td>Kullanmak istedi\u011finiz bir API buldu\u011funuzda, bir sonraki ad\u0131m API belgelerini okumakt\u0131r. Belgeler, API’nin yetenekleri, isteklerin ve yan\u0131tlar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 ve herhangi bir kimlik do\u011frulama veya yetkilendirme gereksinimleri hakk\u0131nda bilgi sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/td><\/tr>
API’nin kullan\u0131m \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131n<\/strong><\/td>Bir API kullanmaya ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce kullan\u0131m \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 anlaman\u0131z \u00f6nemlidir. Bu \u015fartlar, API’yi nas\u0131l kullanabilece\u011finize ve API verilerini nas\u0131l kullan\u0131p payla\u015fabilece\u011finize ili\u015fkin s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 belirtecektir. API’nin \u00fccretsiz olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya \u00fccretli abonelik gerektirip gerektirmedi\u011fi de a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir.<\/td><\/tr>
Bir API anahtar\u0131 edinin<\/strong><\/td>Bir\u00e7ok API, kullanmaya ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce bir API anahtar\u0131 alman\u0131z\u0131 gerektirir. API anahtar\u0131, API isteklerinizin kimli\u011fini do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan benzersiz bir tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. API’ye kaydolduktan veya API’nin kullan\u0131m \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 kabul ettikten sonra size bir tane verilir.<\/td><\/tr>
API istekleri yap\u0131n<\/strong><\/td>Bir API anahtar\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funuzda ve API belgelerini okuduktan sonra, API istekleri yapmaya ba\u015flayabilirsiniz. API iste\u011fi genellikle eri\u015fmek istedi\u011finiz kayna\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan bir URI i\u00e7erir. Ayr\u0131ca, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek istedi\u011finiz i\u015flemi belirtmek i\u00e7in bir HTTP fiiline (GET veya POST gibi) sahip olacakt\u0131r. Tercih etti\u011finiz programlama dilinde bir komut sat\u0131r\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131 program\u0131 veya kitapl\u0131k gibi bir ara\u00e7 kullanarak API istekleri yapabilirsiniz.<\/td><\/tr>
API yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fleyin<\/strong><\/td>Bir API iste\u011fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, API sunucusu size bir yan\u0131t g\u00f6nderir. Yan\u0131t, verileri, bir hata mesaj\u0131n\u0131 veya i\u015flemin sonucunu g\u00f6steren bir durum kodunu i\u00e7erebilir. API yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 i\u015flemek ve olu\u015fabilecek hatalar\u0131 veya istisnalar\u0131 i\u015flemek \u00f6nemlidir.<\/td><\/tr>
En iyi uygulamalar\u0131 takip edin<\/strong><\/td>API isteklerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak, hatalar\u0131 ve istisnalar\u0131 nazik\u00e7e i\u015flemek ve API’nin kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131na uymak i\u00e7in verileri \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131n. Bunun gibi en iyi uygulamalar\u0131 takip ederek API kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n verimli, g\u00fcvenilir ve uyumlu oldu\u011fundan emin olabilirsiniz.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Farkl\u0131 API T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir ve Bunlar Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 API t\u00fcr\u00fc ve bunlar\u0131 kategorize etmenin yollar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, API’leri onlara kimin eri\u015fti\u011fine g\u00f6re kategorilere ay\u0131rabilirsiniz. Bu organizasyonel \u00e7er\u00e7eve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u00d6zel API’ler<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Dahili API’ler olarak da bilinen \u00f6zel API’ler, tek bir i\u015fletme i\u00e7indeki farkl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m bile\u015fenlerini ba\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf kullan\u0131m\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fildir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir sosyal medya uygulamas\u0131nda oturum a\u00e7ma i\u015f ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6neten \u00f6zel bir API, beslemeyi y\u00f6neten ba\u015fka bir \u00f6zel API ve kullan\u0131c\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran ba\u015fka bir \u00f6zel API olabilir. Baz\u0131 uygulamalar d\u00fczinelerce hatta y\u00fczlerce \u00f6zel API i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Genel API’ler<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Genel API’ler, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf geli\u015ftiricilerin kendi uygulamalar\u0131na entegre edebilecekleri bir kurulu\u015fun verilerine, i\u015flevlerine veya hizmetlerine genel eri\u015fim sa\u011flar. Baz\u0131 genel API’ler \u00fccretsiz olarak sunulurken, di\u011ferleri faturaland\u0131r\u0131labilir \u00fcr\u00fcnler olarak sunulur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir e-ticaret uygulamas\u0131, bu i\u015flevi s\u0131f\u0131rdan olu\u015fturmak zorunda kalmadan \u00f6deme i\u015flemini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in Stripe gibi bir genel \u00f6deme API’sini i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Partner API\u2019s<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm Orta\u011f\u0131 API’leri, iki veya daha fazla \u015firketin bir proje \u00fczerinde i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmak i\u00e7in verileri veya i\u015flevleri payla\u015fmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r. Genel halka a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fildir ve bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca yetkili i\u015f ortaklar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kimlik do\u011frulama mekanizmalar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

API’leri, \u00e7ok say\u0131da mimari stillerine g\u00f6re de kategorilere ay\u0131rabilirsiniz. En s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan mimari stiller a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

REST:<\/strong> REST, internet \u00fczerinden veri aktar\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in en pop\u00fcler API mimarisidir. RESTful ba\u011flam\u0131nda, kaynaklara u\u00e7 noktalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla eri\u015filebilir ve bu kaynaklar \u00fczerinde GET, POST, PUT ve DELETE gibi standart HTTP y\u00f6ntemleriyle i\u015flemler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SOAP:<\/strong> Simple Object Access Protocol anlam\u0131na gelen SOAP, bir istemci ile sunucu aras\u0131nda y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f mesajlar\u0131 aktarmak i\u00e7in XML kullan\u0131r. SOAP genellikle kurumsal ortamlarda veya eski sistemlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve geli\u015fmi\u015f g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6zellikleri i\u00e7ermesine ra\u011fmen di\u011fer API mimarilerinden daha yava\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

GraphQL:<\/strong> GraphQL, m\u00fc\u015fterilerin birden \u00e7ok iste\u011fi zincirlemeden tam olarak ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 verileri almalar\u0131 i\u00e7in tek bir API u\u00e7 noktas\u0131yla etkile\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir sorgulama dilidir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, yava\u015f veya g\u00fcvenilir olmayan a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilecek uygulamalar i\u00e7in yararl\u0131 olabilecek, istemci ile sunucu aras\u0131ndaki gidi\u015f-d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Webhooks:<\/strong> Webhooks, isteklerin olay tabanl\u0131 tetikleyicilere yan\u0131t olarak otomatik olarak g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi olay odakl\u0131 mimarileri uygulamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir uygulamada \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi belirli bir olay meydana geldi\u011finde, uygulama ve istek y\u00fck\u00fcndeki ilgili olay verileriyle \u00f6nceden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir webhooks URL’sine bir HTTP iste\u011fi g\u00f6nderebilir. Webhook’u alan sistem daha sonra olay\u0131 i\u015fleyebilir ve uygun eylemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

gRPC:<\/strong> RPC, Remote Procedure Call anlam\u0131na gelir ve gRPC API’leri Google taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. GRPC mimarilerinde, bir istemci bir sunucuyu sanki yerel bir nesneymi\u015f gibi arayabilir, bu da da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f uygulama ve sistemlerin birbirleriyle ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 Yayg\u0131n API Kullan\u0131m Durumlar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

API’ler \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fcd\u00fcr ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7eren \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli kullan\u0131m durumlar\u0131n\u0131 destekler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f sistemlerle entegrasyon<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Geli\u015ftiricilerin API’lere y\u00f6nelmesinin en yayg\u0131n nedenlerinden biri, bir sistemi di\u011ferine entegre etmektir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, m\u00fc\u015fteri ili\u015fkileri y\u00f6netimi (CRM) sisteminizi pazarlama otomasyon sisteminizle entegre etmek i\u00e7in bir API kullanabilirsiniz; bu, bir sat\u0131\u015f temsilcisi CRM’ye yeni bir potansiyel m\u00fc\u015fteri ekledi\u011finde otomatik olarak bir pazarlama e-postas\u0131 g\u00f6ndermenizi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u0130\u015flevsellik ekleme veya geli\u015ftirme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

API’ler, uygulaman\u0131za m\u00fc\u015fterilerinizin deneyimini iyile\u015ftirebilecek ek i\u015flevler eklemenizi sa\u011flar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir yemek da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m uygulamas\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n sipari\u015flerini yoldayken takip etmelerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf bir haritalama API’s\u0131 ekleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. IoT cihazlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011flama<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

API’ler, ak\u0131ll\u0131 saatler, fitness izleyicileri, kap\u0131 zilleri ve ev aletleri gibi cihazlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren Nesnelerin \u0130nterneti (IoT) ekosistemi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. API’ler olmadan, bu cihazlar buluta veya birbirlerine ba\u011flanamaz ve bu da onlar\u0131 i\u015fe yaramaz hale getirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Daha \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir sistemler olu\u015fturma<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

API’ler, uygulamalar\u0131n birbirleriyle \u00f6zel API’ler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ileti\u015fim kuran k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hizmetlerin bir koleksiyonu olarak olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu mikro hizmet tabanl\u0131 mimarileri uygulamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Mikro hizmetler birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak y\u00f6netilir, devreye al\u0131n\u0131r ve tedarik edilir; bu da ekiplerin sistemlerini g\u00fcvenilir ancak uygun maliyetli bir \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirmesine olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Maliyetleri azaltmak<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

API’ler, e-posta g\u00f6nderme, rapor alma ve sistemler aras\u0131nda veri payla\u015fma gibi yo\u011fun zaman alan g\u00f6revleri otomatikle\u015ftirerek i\u015fletmelerin operasyonel maliyetleri azaltmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Ekiplerin tekerle\u011fi yeniden icat etmek yerine mevcut i\u015flevleri yeniden kullanmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak geli\u015ftirme maliyetlerini de azaltabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Kurumsal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve y\u00f6neti\u015fimi iyile\u015ftirme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

API’ler, kurumsal g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in gerekli olan bir\u00e7ok i\u015f ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 destekler. \u00d6rne\u011fin, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n birden fazla sistem i\u00e7in tek bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 ve \u015fifre kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan tek oturum a\u00e7ma (SSO), API’ler taraf\u0131ndan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn hale getirilmi\u015ftir. API’ler ayr\u0131ca, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara geri \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce harcamalar\u0131n onaylanmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fi gibi kurumsal y\u00f6neti\u015fim kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ve politikalar\u0131n\u0131 uygulamak ve otomatikle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

API \u00d6rnekleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da farkl\u0131 protokol ve spesifikasyonlar kullanan iyi bilinen API’lerin baz\u0131 \u00f6rneklerini <\/strong>bulabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Google Maps<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Google’\u0131n teknoloji devleri aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve di\u011fer \u015firketlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bi\u00e7iminde standartlar\u0131 belirledi\u011fi bir s\u0131r de\u011fildir. Entegre bir haritas\u0131 olan \u00e7o\u011fu web sitesi Google Haritalar API’lerini kullan\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Google’\u0131n Yol Tarifi API’si, co\u011frafi konumlar aras\u0131nda XML veya JSON bi\u00e7imli yol tariflerini d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in bir HTTP iste\u011fi kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Vulkan<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vulkan, i\u015fletim sistemi d\u00fczeyinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan platformlar aras\u0131 bir API’dir. Geli\u015ftiricilerin uygulamalarda y\u00fcksek kaliteli, ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 grafikler olu\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve bir uygulama ile bir grafik i\u015fleme birimi aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fimi sa\u011flar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Skyscanner Flight Search<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Skyscanner, yolcular\u0131n Skyscanner’\u0131n fiyat veri taban\u0131ndan en iyi fiyatlarla u\u00e7u\u015f aramas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yan bir meta arama platformudur. Ayr\u0131ca Skyscanner, ba\u011fl\u0131 ortaklar\u0131na veri al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi bi\u00e7imleri olarak hem XML hem de JSON’u destekleyen bir RESTful API sa\u011flar. G\u00fcvenli\u011fi art\u0131rmak ve ortaklar\u0131 istekte bulunmak i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca HTTPS protokol\u00fcn\u00fc kullanmaya te\u015fvik eder.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Sabre Air Availability <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sabre Air Availability, belirli tarihler, kalk\u0131\u015f yerleri ve var\u0131\u015f noktalar\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen uygunluk bilgilerini aramak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir Sabre SOAP API’sidir. Bir SOAP API oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, veri de\u011fi\u015fim format\u0131 olarak XML ve istekler i\u00e7in HTTP veya HTTPS protokollerini kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Yelp API<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Yelp API, kullan\u0131c\u0131lara en iyi restoranlar, yap\u0131lacak \u015feyler, gece hayat\u0131 ve daha fazlas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00f6neriler ve incelemeler sa\u011flayan bir GraphQL API’sidir. Sunuculardan verilere eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in HTTP istek y\u00f6ntemini kullan\u0131r. API, geli\u015ftiricilerin uygulamalar\u0131na ekleyebilece\u011fi u\u00e7 noktalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla veri kaynaklar\u0131na ba\u011flan\u0131r. Veri de\u011fi\u015fim format\u0131 olarak JSON’u kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

API \u0130le \u0130lgili En \u00c7ok Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. API’lerle kim \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Geli\u015ftiricilerin i\u015flerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak API’lerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek olsa da, Postman’s State of the API raporu, \u00fcr\u00fcn y\u00f6neticileri, i\u015f analistleri ve m\u00fc\u015fteri destek uzmanlar\u0131 gibi geli\u015ftirici olmayan pek \u00e7ok ki\u015finin de API’lerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Hangi end\u00fcstriler API kullan\u0131r?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

API’ler, uygulamalar\u0131n ve di\u011fer dijital hizmetlerin birincil yap\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131 olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in teknoloji end\u00fcstrisinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca finans kurumlar\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterilerinin i\u015flemlerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in API’lere g\u00fcvenir ve sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 hasta verilerini y\u00f6netmek ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in API’leri kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. API \u00f6ncelikli strateji nedir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

API \u00f6ncelikli strateji, uygulamalar\u0131n API’ler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sunulan dahili ve harici hizmetlerin bir koleksiyonu olarak tasarlan\u0131p olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirme yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. API’ler bu uygulamalar\u0131n yap\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131d\u0131r ve API \u00f6ncelikli strateji ekiplerin kalite, g\u00fcvenlik ve performanslar\u0131na \u00f6ncelik vermesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. API’leri olu\u015fturman\u0131za ve entegre etmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek baz\u0131 ara\u00e7lar nelerdir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

API geli\u015ftirme, yinelemeli ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir, bu nedenle her \u015feyin olabildi\u011fince sorunsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in uygun ara\u00e7lardan yararlanmak \u00f6nemlidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ekipler API de\u011fi\u015fikliklerini takip etmek i\u00e7in GitHub veya BitBucket gibi bir kaynak kontrol y\u00f6netimi arac\u0131 kullanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Jenkins veya CircleCI gibi bir CI\/CD pipeline, API testi ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini otomatikle\u015ftirmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ekiplerin, bu ara\u00e7larla entegre olan, s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeyi azaltacak ve mevcut i\u015f ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racak bir API platformu kullanmas\u0131 da \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Bir API’yi nas\u0131l olu\u015fturursunuz?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

API geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcreci, API’nin amac\u0131na, diline ve kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015febilir. Bununla birlikte, beklendi\u011fi gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak i\u00e7in her yeni API’nin tasarlanmas\u0131, bir API geli\u015ftirme \u00e7er\u00e7evesiyle uygulanmas\u0131 ve kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde test edilmesi gerekir. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Application programming interface yani uygulama programlama arabirimi anlam\u0131na gelen API, farkl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m bile\u015fenlerinin ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 ve veri aktarmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir dizi protokold\u00fcr. Geli\u015ftiriciler; g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, dayan\u0131kl\u0131,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":7701,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji"],"yoast_head":"\nAPI Nedir, Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar? 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