{"id":7369,"date":"2022-10-27T05:28:52","date_gmt":"2022-10-27T02:28:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/?p=7369"},"modified":"2022-10-27T05:35:47","modified_gmt":"2022-10-27T02:35:47","slug":"botnet-nedir-botnet-saldirilarinda-nasil-korunursunuz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/botnet-nedir-botnet-saldirilarinda-nasil-korunursunuz\/","title":{"rendered":"Botnet Nedir? Botnet Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda Nas\u0131l Korunursunuz?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Malware <\/strong>yani k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m <\/strong>muhtemelen bug\u00fcn ki\u015fisel bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fine y\u00f6nelik en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehditlerden biridir. Hatta baz\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar, bir bilgisayar korsan\u0131 ad\u0131na yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 faaliyetler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in sizin bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bile kullanabilir. Bunlara botnet denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Botnet Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Botnet, bir bilgisayar korsan\u0131n\u0131n uzaktan kontrol etti\u011fi bir cihazlar a\u011f\u0131d\u0131r (“botlar” veya bazen “zombiler” olarak bilinir). Bilgisayar korsanlar\u0131 bir botnet olu\u015fturmak<\/strong> i\u00e7in ev bilgisayarlar\u0131, y\u00f6nlendiriciler, yaz\u0131c\u0131lar ve farkl\u0131 cihazlar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modern bot yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 genellikle Truva at\u0131 bi\u00e7iminde gelir ve burada sahte bir uygulama i\u00e7inde gizlenir. Bazen ise g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla solucan benzeri bir \u015fekilde yay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, spam e-posta\u2019lar g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in bir botnet kullan\u0131labilir. Bilgisayar korsan\u0131 yava\u015f yava\u015f daha fazla cihaza bula\u015f\u0131r, ard\u0131ndan bu cihazlar\u0131n her birini toplu olarak istenmeyen e-posta\u2019lar g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131r. Ba\u011fl\u0131 cihazlardan olu\u015fan bir a\u011f kullan\u0131larak daha fazla hasar yap\u0131labilir. \u00c7ok say\u0131da cihaz kullanmak, istenmeyen e-posta\u2019lar\u0131n posta filtrelerini atlama olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genel olarak bir botnet, bilgisayar korsan\u0131n\u0131n sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 cihazlardan olu\u015fur. Bunun yerine, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fisel ve profesyonel cihazlar\u0131na bula\u015f\u0131rlar. Bu genellikle gizlice yap\u0131l\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece cihaz sahibi, cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n bir botnet sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bile anlamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Botnet’ler Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

En basit haliyle, vir\u00fcsl\u00fc bilgisayarlardaki bot yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, merkezi bir komuta ve kontrol (C2) sunucusundan gelen komutlar\u0131 dinler. Operat\u00f6r, (genellikle bir bilgisayar korsan\u0131 veya bir bilgisayar korsan\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterisi) komutlar\u0131 tek seferde vir\u00fcsl\u00fc t\u00fcm botlara iletir. Bu komutlar, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hizmet reddi (DDoS) sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ba\u015flatmaktan ek yaz\u0131l\u0131m indirmeye kadar de\u011fi\u015febilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu basit botnet t\u00fcr\u00fc, istemci-sunucu mimarisi denilen \u015feyi kullan\u0131r. Bilgisayar korsanlar\u0131 genellikle uygulama kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 da kolay oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu mimariyi se\u00e7er.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bot k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131, hedeflenen ki\u015finin bilgisayar\u0131na veya ba\u015fka bir cihaza ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli teknikler kullanabilir. Bazen hedeflenen ki\u015filer, k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli ekler i\u00e7eren sahte e-posta\u2019lar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla fark\u0131nda olmadan bunu y\u00fckler. Bazen ise bir solucana benzer g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak bir bottan di\u011ferine yay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genel olarak, botnet’ler var olan en karma\u015f\u0131k k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m t\u00fcrlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. Daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sald\u0131r\u0131lara ek olarak, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck siber su\u00e7 vakalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. En b\u00fcy\u00fck botnetler, y\u00fcz binlerce vir\u00fcsl\u00fc bota ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En S\u0131k Kullan\u0131lan Bot T\u00fcrlerinden Baz\u0131lar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Chatbot:<\/strong> Bu botlar, insan ileti\u015fimini \u00e7o\u011faltmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nceden programlanm\u0131\u015f yan\u0131tlar\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Chatbotlar, hizmet ve destek senaryolar\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve insan yard\u0131m\u0131na olan ihtiyac\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Web taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131: <\/strong>\u00d6r\u00fcmcekler olarak da bilinen bu botlar, t\u00fcm internetteki web sayfalar\u0131ndaki i\u00e7eri\u011fi inceler ve arama motorlar\u0131nda dizine ekler. \u0130lgili materyali toplamak ve \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan web kaz\u0131ma taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 bu botlara benzer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shopbot:<\/strong> Bir ma\u011faza botu, bir \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7in en iyi fiyat\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in internette arama yapar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130zleme botlar\u0131:<\/strong> Bir web sitesinin veya a\u011f sisteminin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek ve bir sorun bulunursa gerekli BT personelini bilgilendirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015flem botu:<\/strong> \u0130\u015flem botlar\u0131, insan taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131lan i\u015flemleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sosyal botlar:<\/strong> Bunlar, sosyal medya sitelerinde \u00e7e\u015fitli faaliyetler y\u00fcr\u00fctmek i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 bot:<\/strong> Siber sald\u0131rganlar, i\u00e7eri\u011fi yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak ele ge\u00e7irmek, istenmeyen postalar\u0131 iletmek veya da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hizmet reddi (DDoS) sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 gibi sald\u0131r\u0131lar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli botlar kullan\u0131r. Bu botlar arka planda \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak \u015fekilde tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, t\u00fcketiciler bilgisayarlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011finin ihlal edildi\u011finden habersizdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Botnet\u2019ler Ne \u0130\u00e7in Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Botnet’ler, temelde bir dizi tekrarlayan g\u00f6revi yerine getiren ba\u011fl\u0131 bilgisayarlard\u0131r. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, sistem kesinti s\u00fcrelerini ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayarak karma\u015f\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc botnet’lere kat\u0131labilirler. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, SETI organizasyonu gezegenimizin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ya\u015fam\u0131n ke\u015ffedilmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in botnetleri kullan\u0131r. Ancak, botnet’ler son zamanlarda k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli bilgisayar korsanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan siber sald\u0131r\u0131lar ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131lan pop\u00fcler bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Botnet’ler taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131lan yayg\u0131n siber sald\u0131r\u0131lar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • A\u011flar\u0131 veya web sitelerini kapatmak i\u00e7in Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hizmet Reddi (DDoS) sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ba\u015flatmak.<\/li>
  • Milyonlarca kullan\u0131c\u0131ya b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda spam e-posta g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kullanma.<\/li>
  • Finansal kazan\u00e7 i\u00e7in kripto para madencili\u011fi yapmak i\u00e7in bilgisayar kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7almak.<\/li>
  • Finansal kazan\u00e7 i\u00e7in bir web sitesine sahte internet trafi\u011fi olu\u015fturmak.<\/li>
  • \u00d6zellikle sizi hedefleyen sahte reklam kampanyalar\u0131.<\/li>
  • K\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 ve fidye yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 di\u011fer cihazlara yaymak.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u00d6zetle diyebiliriz ki, botnetler her t\u00fcrl\u00fc siber sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Botnet Tehlikeli Midir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Botnet’ler \u00e7e\u015fitli k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u015fekillerde kullan\u0131labilir. Yukar\u0131da anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gibi, toplu olarak spam veya k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6ndermek veya ba\u011fl\u0131 cihazlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla DDoS sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yor olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Casusluk, botnetlerin bir ba\u015fka yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Burada cihazlar, bilgisayar korsan\u0131n\u0131n bilgi toplamakla ilgilendi\u011fi taraflarca veya yak\u0131n \u00e7evrelerce kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bilgisayar korsan\u0131, geni\u015f bir cihaz a\u011f\u0131 kullanarak \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklardan daha fazla bilgi toplayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bilgisayar korsanlar\u0131, verileri \u00e7almak i\u00e7in de botnet’leri kullanabilir. Veriler do\u011frudan ba\u011fl\u0131 cihazlardan veya cihaz\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu cihazlardan\/a\u011flardan toplanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 Bot Olmaktan Nas\u0131l Korursunuz?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131kla siber su\u00e7lar\u0131 desteklemekten veya kendinizin kurban olmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca koruman\u0131z gerekir. Kendinizi botnet’lere kar\u015f\u0131 korumak, di\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlardan korunmak i\u00e7in benzer \u00f6zen ve stratejiler gerektirse de, baz\u0131 belirli noktalar farkl\u0131d\u0131r. En \u00f6nemli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1. E-posta eklerine, indirmelere ve di\u011fer olas\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m kaynaklar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 dikkatli olun<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    G\u00fcvenilir olmayan kaynaklardan gerekli \u00f6zeni g\u00f6stermeden dosya indirirseniz, sadece botnet’lere de\u011fil, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131ma maruz kal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2. Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak g\u00fcncelleyin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Solucan tarz\u0131 botnet k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131, yay\u0131lmak i\u00e7in genellikle i\u015fletim sistemi sat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n zaten yamalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr sald\u0131r\u0131lara kurban gitmemek i\u00e7in bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak g\u00fcncelledi\u011finizden emin olun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3. G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 do\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Hem Windows hem de macOS, yerle\u015fik g\u00fcvenlik duvarlar\u0131yla birlikte gelir. G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kullanmak botnet’lerden muaf olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 garanti etmese de, bu \u015fekilde bir\u00e7ok C2 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Cihaz\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 Bir botnet’ten Nas\u0131l Kald\u0131rabilirsiniz?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    A\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdaki PC’niz, y\u00f6nlendiriciniz veya ba\u015fka bir cihaz bir botnet’in par\u00e7as\u0131ysa, sorunu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00e7\u00f6zmeniz gerekir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcme giden yolda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ipu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan yararlanabilirsiniz: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    • Masa\u00fcst\u00fc veya diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayar kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, silin ve yeniden y\u00fckleyin. Deneyimli BT uzmanlar\u0131 bile k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 elle kald\u0131rmakta zorlan\u0131r. Sadece silmek ve bir yedekleme ile yeni ba\u015flamak \u00e7ok daha kolayd\u0131r.<\/li>
    • G\u00fcncellemeleri yap\u0131n. G\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gideren bir g\u00fcncelleme bulamazsan\u0131z daha yeni bir model sat\u0131n alman\u0131z gerekebilir.<\/li>
    • Her \u015fey ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olursa, \u00fcreticiyle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in. Cihaz\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 garanti kapsam\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015ftirmek isteyebilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca, kendi ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131za bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m d\u00fczeltmesine de sahip olabilirler.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Malware yani k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m muhtemelen bug\u00fcn ki\u015fisel bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fine y\u00f6nelik en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehditlerden biridir. Hatta baz\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar, bir bilgisayar korsan\u0131 ad\u0131na yasa…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":7371,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guvenlik"],"yoast_head":"\nBotnet Nedir? Botnet Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda Nas\u0131l Korunursunuz? - Niobe Hosting<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.niobehosting.com\/blog\/botnet-nedir-botnet-saldirilarinda-nasil-korunursunuz\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Botnet Nedir? Botnet Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda Nas\u0131l Korunursunuz? - Niobe Hosting\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Malware yani k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m muhtemelen bug\u00fcn ki\u015fisel bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fine y\u00f6nelik en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehditlerden biridir. 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